Miscellaneous Functions
Remember that the object notation (e.g., arg.isnull()) cannot be used for these Miscellaneous functions.
For more information about object notation, see Functions Reference.
cast
<type> cast( variant value, <type>, <subtype...> );
Returns the value passed as the first argument cast to the type specified as the following arguments.
Returns null if the value is null.
Fails with an error if the value is not of the selected type.
Does not check the type of elements of lists and maps, only checks if the value is a list or map, respectively. E.g. the cast of a list of integers to a list of strings does not fail and will lead to runtime errors later in the code, see the examples below. Use a for loop if you need to check the type of elements.
Example 312. Usage of cast
variant value = "ABC";
string myString = cast(value, string); // myString contains "ABC"
value = 10;
integer myInteger = cast(value, integer); // myInteger contains 10
date myDate = cast(value, date); // error, "value" currently contains an integer
value = [1, 2, 3];
list[integer] intList = cast(value, list, integer); // intList contains [1, 2, 3]
// does not fail, will lead to runtime exceptions later
list[string] stringList = cast(value, list, string);
// avoid this problem by checking the type of elements before casting to list[string]:
for (integer i = 0; i < length(value); i++) {
variant element = value[i];
// typeof returns false for null
if ((element != null) && !(element typeof string)) {
raiseError(element + " is not a string");
}
}
variant nullVariant = null;
integer nullInteger = cast(nullVariant, integer); // nullInteger contains null
See also: variant, getType, typeof
getEnvironmentVariables
map[string,string] getEnvironmentVariables( );
The getEnvironmentVariables() function returns an unmodifiable map of system environment variables.
An environment variable is a system-dependent external named value. Similar to the Java function System.getenv(). Note that the keys are case-sensitive.
Example 313. Usage of getEnvironmentVariables()
string envPath = getEnvironmentVariables()["PATH"];
See also: getJavaProperties
getJavaProperties
map[string,string] getJavaProperties( );
The getJavaProperties() function returns the map of Java VM system properties.
Similar to the Java function System.getProperties().
Example 314. Usage of getJavaProperties()
string operatingSystem = getJavaProperties()["os.name"];
See also: getEnvironmentVariables
getParamValue
string getParamValue( string paramName );
The getParamValue() function returns the value of the specified graph parameter.
The argument is the name of the graph parameter without the ${ } characters, e.g. PROJECT_DIR. The returned value is resolved, i.e. it does not contain any references to other graph parameters.
The function returns null for non-existent parameters.
Function getParamValue decrypts secure parameters. Secure parameters are being deciphered with each use. There is a performance penalty associated with this process and therefore, when single secure parameter is used in a single script, it is advisable to cache its value manually to avoid multiple resolutions.
Example 315. Usage of getParamValue
string datainDir = getParamValue("DATAIN_DIR"); // will contain "./data-in"
See also: getParamValues
getParamValues
map[string,string] getParamValues( );
The getParamValues() function returns a map of graph parameters and their values.
The keys are the names of the parameters without the ${ } characters, e.g. PROJECT_DIR. The values are resolved, i.e. they do not contain any references to other graph parameters. The map is unmodifiable.
The function returns null for non-existent parameters.
Function getParamValues decrypts secure parameters. Secure parameters are being deciphered with each use. There is a performance penalty associated with this process and therefore, when single secure parameter is used in a single script, it is advisable to cache its value manually to avoid multiple resolutions.
Example 316. Usage of getParamValues
string datainDir = getParamValues()["DATAIN_DIR"]; // will contain "./data-in"
See also: getParamValue
getRawParamValue
string getRawParamValue( string paramName );
The getRawParamValue() function returns the value of the specified graph parameter.
The argument is the name of the graph parameter without the ${ } characters, e.g. PROJECT_DIR. In contrast with getParamValue(string) function, the returned value is unresolved, so references to other graph parameters are not resolved and secure parameters are not decrypted.
The function returns null for non-existent parameters.
Example 317. Usage of getRawParamValue
string datainDir = getRawParamValue("DATAIN_DIR"); // will contain "${PROJECT}/data-in"
See also: getRawParamValues
getRawParamValues
map[string,string] getRawParamValues( );
The getRawParamValues() function returns a map of graph parameters and their values.
The keys are the names of the parameters without the ${ } characters, e.g. PROJECT_DIR. Unlike getParamValues() function, the values are unresolved, so references to other graph parameters are not resolved and secure parameters are not decrypted. The map is unmodifiable.
The function returns null for non-existent parameters.
Example 318. Usage of getRawParamValues
string datainDir = getRawParamValues()["DATAIN_DIR"]; // will contain "${PROJECT}/data-in"
See also: getRawParamValue
getType
string getType( variant arg );
Returns the actual runtime type of the argument as a string.
If the argument is null, the function returns the string "null".
Example 319. Usage of getType
variant myString = "ABC";
string type1 = getType(myString); // "string"
variant myList = ["a", "b", 7];
string type2 = getType(myList); // "list"
See also: variant, cast, typeof
variant, getType, cast, typeof
hashCode
integer hashCode( integer arg );
integer hashCode( long arg );
integer hashCode( number arg );
integer hashCode( decimal arg );
integer hashCode( boolean arg );
integer hashCode( date arg );
integer hashCode( string arg );
integer hashCode( record arg );
integer hashCode( map arg );
integer hashCode( variant arg );
Returns java hashCode of parameter.
Example 320. Usage of hashCode
The function hashCode(5) returns some number.
iif
<any type> iif( boolean con, <any type>, <any type> );
The iif() function returns the second argument if the first argument is true, or the third argument if the first argument is false.
If the first argument is null, the function fails with an error.
Example 321. Usage of iif
The function iif(true, "abc", "def") returns abc.
The function iif(false, "abc", "def") returns def.
isnull
boolean isnull( <any type> arg );
The isnull() function returns a boolean value depending on whether the argument is null (true) or not (false). The argument may be of any data type.
If you set the Null value property in metadata for any string data field to any non-empty string, the isnull() function will return true when applied on such string. And return false when applied on an empty field. For example, if field1 has Null value property set to "<null>", isnull($in.0.field1) will return true on the records in which the value of field1 is "<null>" and false on the others, even on those that are empty. For detailed information, see Null value in Metadata editor.
Example 322. Usage of isnull
The function isnull(null) returns true.
The function isnull(123) returns false.
nvl
<any type> nvl( <any type> arg, <any type> default );
The nvl() function returns the first argument, if its value is not null, otherwise the function returns the second argument. Both arguments must be of the same type.
Example 323. Usage of nvl
The function nvl(null, "def") returns def.
The function nvl("abc", "def") returns abc.
nvl2
<any type> nvl2( <any type> arg, <any type>, <any type> );
The nvl2() function returns the second argument, if the first argument has not null value. If the first argument has a null value, the function returns the third argument.
Example 324. Usage of nvl2
The function nvl2(null, "abc", "def") returns def.
The function nvl2(123, "abc", "def") returns abc.
getOAuth2Token
string getOAuth2Token( string connectionName );
string getOAuth2Token( string connectionName, boolean forceRefresh );
The getOAuth2Token function returns OAuth2 access token from authorized OAuth2 connection linked in graph.
The connectionName parameter is a name of the OAuth2 connection linked in graph. If the connection specified does not exist or is of the wrong type, an exception is thrown.
The optional parameter forceRefresh can be used to ask the connection to obtain a new OAuth2 access token instead of the currently cached one.
Without forceRefresh parameter, returned tokens are valid for at least the next 60 seconds after the call is made. Forcing a refresh ensures maximum possible validity time, but it is slower than using default because new tokens must be obtained from remote OAuth2 provider.
parseProperties
map[string, string] parseProperties( string properties );
The parseProperties() function converts key-value pairs separated with a new line from a string to a map.
The order of properties is preserved.
If the input string is null or empty, the function returns an empty map.
Example 325. Sample property file
# lines starting with # are comments
! The exclamation mark can also mark text as comments.
# This is the simplest property
key = value
# A long property may be separated on multiple lines
longvalue = aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa \
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
# The key and element characters #, !, =, and : are written with
# a preceding backslash to ensure that they are properly loaded.
website = http\://www.primeur.com/
# Add spaces to the key
key\ with\ spaces = This is the value that could be looked up with the key "key with spaces".
# Unicode u-umlaut
uuml : \u00FC
Example 326. Usage of parseProperties
The function parseProperties("key1=value1\nkey2=value2")["key2"] returns "value2".
Assuming that string variable input contains the sample property file from above, parseProperties(input) produces the following map: {key=value, longvalue=aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa, website=.
See also: Properties (as parameter editor type), java.util.Properties.load(Reader), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.properties
printErr
void printErr( <any type> message );
The printErr() function prints out the message to the graph execution log with error log level.
This function works as void printErr(<any type> arg, boolean printLocation) with printLocation set to false. It is a shortcut for printLog(error, message).
Example 327. Usage of printErr
The function printErr("My error message") prints My error message to graph execution log.
void printErr( <any type> message, boolean printLocation );
The printErr() function prints out the message and the location of the error (if the second argument is true) to the log with error log level.
Example 328. Usage of printErr 2
The function printErr("My error message", true) prints message like My error message (on line: 16 col: 5). The line number and column number will be different.
The function printErr("My second message", false) prints message My second message.
See also: printLog, raiseError
printLog
void printLog( level loglevel, <any type> message );void printLog( level loglevel, <any type> message );
The printLog() function sends out the message to a logger.
The log level of the message is one of the following: debug, info, warn, error, fatal. The log level must be specified as a constant. It can be neither received through an edge nor set as variable.
You should use this function especially in any graph that would run on Data Shaper Server instead of the printErr() function which logs error messages to the log of the Server (e.g. to the log of Tomcat). Unlike printErr(), printLog() logs error messages to the console even when the graph runs on Data Shaper Server.
Example 329. Usage of printLog
The function printLog(warn, "abc") prints abc into the log.
See also: printErr, raiseError
raiseError
void raiseError( string message );
The raiseError() function throws out an error with the message specified as the argument.
The execution of the graph is aborted.
Example 330. Usage of raiseError
raiseError("The error message")
resolveParams
string resolveParams( string parameter );
string resolveParams( string parameter, boolean resolveSpecialChars );
The resolveParams() function substitutes all graph parameters in the parameter by their respective values. So each occurrence of pattern ${<PARAMETER_NAME>} which is referencing an existing graph parameter is replaced by the parameter’s value. The function can resolve system properties in a similar manner - e.g. PATH or JAVA_HOME.
You can control what else will be resolved by function parameters:
The argument resolveSpecialChars enables the resolution of special characters (e.g. \n \u).
If resolveSpecialChars is null, the function fails.
The resolveParams(string) function behaves as string resolveParams(string, false).
If you are passing the parameter directly, not as a metadata field, e.g. like this:
string special = "\u002A"; // Unicode for asterisk - *
resolveParams(special, true); // this line is not needed
printErr(special);
it is automatically resolved. The code above will print an asterisk, even if you omit the second line. It is because resolving is triggered when processing the quotes which surround the parameter.
Example 331. Usage of resolveParams
If you type "DATAIN_DIR is ${DATAIN_DIR}", the parameter is resolved and the usage of the function resolveParams() is not necessary.
The usage of the function resolveParams() is necessary if the string containing a parameter is created at runtime:
string parameter = "DATAIN_DIR";
string substituted = 'data in is ${' + parameter + '}';
string result = resolveParams(substituted);
The escape sequences are converted to particular characters: "ls \u002A." is converted to "ls *".
When the escape sequence is created on the fly, the usage of the function resolveParams() is necessary to create a corresponding character:
string special = "\\u" + "002A"; // Unicode for asterisk - *
string result = resolveParams(special, true, false);
printErr(result);
See also: getEnvironmentVariables, getJavaProperties, getParamValues, getParamValue, Parameters
sleep
void sleep( long duration );
The sleep() function pauses the execution for specified time in milliseconds.
Example 332. Usage of sleep
The function sleep(5000) will sleep for 5 seconds.
toAbsolutePath
string toAbsolutePath( string path );
The toAbsolutePath() function converts the specified path to an OS-dependent absolute path to the same file. The input may be a path or a URL. If the input path is relative, it is resolved against the context URL of the running graph.
If running on the Server, the function can also handle sandbox URLs. However, a sandbox URL can only be converted to an absolute path, if the file is locally available on the current server node.
If the conversion fails, the function returns null.
If the given parameter is null, the function fails with an error.
The returned path will always use forward slashes as directory separator, even on Microsoft Windows systems.
If you need the path to contain backslashes, use the translate() function:
string absolutePath = toAbsolutePath(path).translate('/', '\\');
Example 333. Usage of toAbsolutePath
The function toAbsolutePath("graph") will return for example C:/workspace/doc_project/graph.
See also: translate
Updated 6 months ago